Planning a Second Story Addition
Planning a Second Story Addition
Planning is the key when taking on a project that involves removing your roof.
Before you plan your 2nd story, research what obstacles will need to be dealt with. Examples of items that need to be addressed are:
-Size of ceiling joists, can they support a 2nd story floor?
-Are mechanicals run over the top of existing ceiling joists?
(plumbing, electRic, HVAC)
-How much overhang is on existing roof and are there any
utilities fastened to it.
-Is the existing roof stick built(built on site) or a truss
roof(manufactured).
-Is the roof sheathing 1x boards or plywood?
-How many layers of shingles are there?
-Are there any Stacks or flues protruding through the roof
such as a fireplace chimney, furnace flue, or vent pipe.
These things need to be considered so the addition can be built as quickly as possible.
When starting the tearoff, the first thing that needs to be addressedis the soffit. Removing this first will free up the rafter ends when it comes time to remove them. Sometimes utilities like the phone and electrical lines are attached to the soffit. These should be moved by their respective utility company.
Now you can tearoff the roof. The easiest way to remove the shingles and sheathing is with a circular saw. It's best to use an old blade with a lesser amount off teeth because it will be trash when you are done.
When cutting the roof away, start at the ridgeboard and run the saw between the rafters all the way to the rafter tails. Repeat this cut every 32" from one end of the roof to the other. These pieces, assuming they are plywood, can be removed in 32"x 48" squares. There will still be some weight to these pieces but this will make them more managable. Working from the ridge, these squares are loosened with a sledgehammer. Once there is enough room, you can use a prybar to free them from the rafters. My favorite technique is to use a 6 to 8 foot 2x4. Slip it under the loosened piece and use an adjacent
rafter as a fulcrum. Push down on the 2x4 and up comes the plywood and shingles. This same procedure works with trusses also.
If the roof sheathing is planks, the cuts should be made 48" to 64"apart. If
there are 2 or mre layers of shingles, you should be able to roll these sections down the rafters.
Once the roof sheathing is removed, the rest of the components canbe removed. If the soffit and fascia haven't been removed yet, thisis another opportunity to do so. Once that is gone the rafters can be removed. The rafters can be detached from the ridgeboard by using a sledgehammer or a sawzall. After they are loose from the ridge, they can be twisted off the top plate.
Trusses can be a little trickier. After the sheathing is removed,most of the truss work will have to be cut out. The only part left would be the bottom cord that holds up the drywall ceiling. Since most of these cords are 2x4's, larger 2x lumber will have to be sistered alongside for added support. As long as there are bearing walls below, this 2x lumber could be 2x10's, 2x12's or engineered lumber such as I-joists. Each situation is different and what is used is spect by an engineer or architect.
In most cases, the electric (conduit), plumbing and/or HVAC run over the top of the ceiling joists. Usually, the easiest way to deal with this, is to build a knee wall high enough for the new floor joists to clear these obstructions. This makes the second floor deck higher so it will make your stair run longer. Making sure you have room for the stairs in this instance is another consideration.
Once the deck is down, the walls, ceiling joists, and roof of your new addition can follow.
Whatever situation might you have, good planning will make this taskeasier and quicker. Time is of the essence when it comes to removing a roof. You want to protect the existing structure and all of your valuable possesions that are left inside.
(c) 2005 Mike Merisko www.sawkerfs.com
About the Author
About the Author: Mike Merisko has been a carpenter for 26 years. Most of those years were spent in the homebuilding and remodeling industries. He was also in business as a carpentry and general contractor. While that is his forte, he also has experience in bridge building, commercial construction, and exhibit building which is how he earns his living these days. You can browse through articles by him and others at his website www.sawkerfs.com
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